第四周作业
1、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1,要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其它用户均没有任何访问权限。
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# cp -a /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# chmod g-wxr,o-wxr -R /home/tuser1/
或 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# cp -a /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# cd /home [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# chmod -R 700 tuser1/
2、编辑/etc/group文件,添加组hadoop。
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# vi /etc/group #增加 hadoop:x:901 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# tail -fn 1 /etc/group
3、手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行,添加用户hadoop,其基本组ID为hadoop组的id号;其家目录为/home/hadoop。
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# vi /etc/passwd hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# id hadoop uid=501(hadoop) gid=501(hadoop) groups=501(hadoop)
4、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop,要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其它用户没有任何访问权限。
跟第1题一样。
5、修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop,属组为hadoop。
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# cd /home [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# ll total 20 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 30 17:02 apache-tomcat01 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 30 17:04 apache-tomcat02 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 23 22:41 test drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 23 22:41 test2 drwx------. 2 root root 4096 Jan 30 2015 tuser1 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# mv tuser1/ hadoop [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# chown hadoop.hadoop -R hadoop/ [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# ll total 20 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 30 17:02 apache-tomcat01 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jun 30 17:04 apache-tomcat02 drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Jan 30 2015 hadoop drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Jul 23 22:41 test drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 23 22:41 test2
6、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行;用两种方式;
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Jul 23 22:41 test2 [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep ^[Ss] /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57268 kB SReclaimable: 37088 kB SUnreclaim: 20180 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep -i '^s' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57276 kB SReclaimable: 37092 kB SUnreclaim: 20184 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep '^\(S\|s\)' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57276 kB SReclaimable: 37092 kB SUnreclaim: 20184 kB
7、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# cat /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin saslauth:x:499:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash dhcpd:x:177:177:DHCP server:/:/sbin/nologin
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep -v '/sbin/nologin' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash
8、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep '/bin/bash' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash
9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# cat /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin saslauth:x:499:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash dhcpd:x:177:177:DHCP server:/:/sbin/nologin
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep -wE '[0-9]{1,2}' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin saslauth:x:499:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash
或: [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ home]# grep -E '\<[0-9]{1,2}\>' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin haldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologin ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin saslauth:x:499:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin nscd:x:28:28:NSCD Daemon:/:/sbin/nologin postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash
10、显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -E '^[[:space:]]' /boot/grub/grub.conf root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=94e4e384-0ace-437f-bc96-057dd64f42ee rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /boot/initramfs-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64.img
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -E '^[[:space:]]+' /boot/grub/grub.conf root (hd0,0) kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=94e4e384-0ace-437f-bc96-057dd64f42ee rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /boot/initramfs-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64.img
11、显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头,后面跟至少一个空白字符,而后又有至少一个非空白字符的行;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -E '^#[[:space:]]+[^[:space:]]+' /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # Check SELinux status # Print a text banner.
或: [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -E ^#[[:space:]]\{1\}[^[:space:]]\{1\} /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # Check SELinux status # Print a text banner. # Only read this once.
12、打出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’,后或跟空白字符结尾的行;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 'LISTEN[[:space:]]*'
13、添加用户bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一个用户的shell为/sbin/nologin),而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# useradd bash [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# useradd testbash [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# useradd basher [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nologin [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep '^\([^:]\+\):.*/\1$' /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:901:902::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:904:905::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
或: [root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -E "(^[[:alpha:]]+):.*\1$" /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:901:902::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:904:905::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
14、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行;用三种方式;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep '^[Ss]' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57560 kB SReclaimable: 37380 kB SUnreclaim: 20180 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -i '^s' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57564 kB SReclaimable: 37384 kB SUnreclaim: 20180 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep '^\(S\|s\)' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57560 kB SReclaimable: 37380 kB SUnreclaim: 20180 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# awk '/^[Ss]/{print}' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57564 kB SReclaimable: 37384 kB SUnreclaim: 20180 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# sed -n '/^[Ss]/p' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57560 kB SReclaimable: 37384 kB SUnreclaim: 20176 kB
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -v '^[^Ss]' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Shmem: 168 kB Slab: 57560 kB SReclaimable: 37384 kB SUnreclaim: 20176 kB
15、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep -v '/sbin/nologin' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash bash:x:901:902::/home/bash:/bin/bash testbash:x:902:903::/home/testbash:/bin/bash basher:x:903:904::/home/basher:/bin/bash
16、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep "/bin/bash$" /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash postgres:x:500:500:PostgreSQL:/home/PostgreSQL/9.1:/bin/bash hadoop:x:501:501:zhouyong,zhangkong,18061779507,025:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash centos:x:900:900::/home/centos:/bin/bash bash:x:901:902::/home/bash:/bin/bash testbash:x:902:903::/home/testbash:/bin/bash basher:x:903:904::/home/basher:/bin/bash
17、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数;
[root@iZ28zld7ztoZ ~]# grep '\<[0-9]\{1,2\}\>' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
原创文章,作者:365,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/30331
评论列表(1条)
写的很好,排版也很棒,加油