#1、列出当前系统上所有已经登录的用户的用户名,注意:同一个用户登录多次,则只显示一次即可。
[xujie@localhost ~]$ who | cut -d " " -f1 | sort -u
#2、取出最后登录到当前系统的用户的相关信息。
[root@localhost xujie]# last -x | head -1
#3、取出当前系统上被用户当作其默认shell的最多的那个shell。
[root@localhost xujie]# cut /etc/passwd -d ':' -f7 | uniq -c | sort -n | tail -1
#4、将/etc/passwd中的第三个字段数值最大的后10个用户的信息全部改为大写后保存至/tmp/maxusers.txt文件中。
[xujie@localhost ~]$ sort -t ':' -k 3 -n /etc/passwd | tail -10 | tr [[:lower:]] [[:upper:]] > /tmp/maxusers.txt
#5、取出当前主机的IP地址,提示:对ifconfig命令的结果进行切分。
[root@localhost network-scripts]# ifconfig | grep '[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}\.[0-9]\{1,3\}'
#6、列出/etc目录下所有以.conf结尾的文件的文件名,并将其名字转换为大写后保存至/tmp/etc.conf文件中。
[root@localhost mylinux]# ls -a /etc/ | grep -E *'.conf'$ | tr [a-z] [A-Z] > /tmp/etc.conf
#7、显示/var目录下一级子目录或文件的总个数。
[root@localhost lib]# find /var -type f | wc -l
#8、取出/etc/group文件中第三个字段数值最小的10个组的名字。
[root@localhost lib]# sort -n -t ":" -k 3 /etc/group | head -10 | cut -d ":" -f 1
#9、将/etc/fstab和/etc/issue文件的内容合并为同一个内容后保存至/tmp/etc.test文件中。
[root@localhost tmp]# cat /etc/{fstab,issue} > /tmp/etc.test
#10、请总结描述用户和组管理类命令的使用方法并完成以下练习:
# (1)、创建组distro,其GID为2016;
[root@localhost tmp]# groupadd -g 2016 distro
[root@localhost tmp]# cat /etc/group | grep distro
distro:x:2016:
# (2)、创建用户mandriva, 其ID号为1005;基本组为distro;
[root@localhost tmp]# useradd -u 1005 -g 2016 mandriva
[root@localhost tmp]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mandriva
mandriva:x:1100:2016::/home/mandriva:/bin/bash
# (3)、创建用户mageia,其ID号为1100,家目录为/home/linux;
[root@localhost tmp]# useradd -u 1100 -d /home/linux mageia
[root@localhost tmp]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mageia
mageia:x:1100:1100::/home/linux:/bin/bas
# (4)、给用户mageia添加密码,密码为mageedu;
[root@localhost tmp]# passwd mageia
Changing password for user mageia.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
# (5)、删除mandriva,但保留其家目录;
[root@localhost xujie]# userdel mandriva
[root@localhost xujie]# cd ..
[root@localhost home]# ls
arch asdf centos gentoo linux mandriva xujie
# (6)、创建用户slackware,其ID号为2002,基本组为distro,附加组peguin;
[root@localhost home]# groupadd peguin
[root@localhost home]# useradd -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin slackware
[root@localhost home]# cat /etc/passwd | grep slackware
slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/bash
[root@localhost home]# id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2016(distro) groups=2016(distro),2017(peguin)
# (7)、修改slackware的默认shell为/bin/tcsh;
[root@localhost home]# usermod -s /bin/tcsh slackware
[root@localhost home]# cat /etc/passwd | grep slackware
slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh
[root@localhost home]#
# (8)、为用户slackware新增附加组admins;
[root@localhost home]# usermod -G admins slackware
usermod: group 'admins' does not exist
[root@localhost home]# groupadd admins
[root@localhost home]# usermod -G admins slackware
[root@localhost home]# id slackware
uid=2002(slackware) gid=2016(distro) groups=2016(distro),2018(admins)
[root@localhost home]#
# (9)、为slackware添加密码,且要求密码最短使用期限为3天,最长为180天,警告为3天;
[root@localhost home]# passwd slackware
Changing password for user slackware.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check – it is too simplistic/systematic
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost home]# passwd -n 3 -x 180 -w 3 slackware
Adjusting aging data for user slackware.
passwd: Success
[root@localhost home]# cat /etc/shadow | grep slackware
slackware:$6$gk2px/TP$bOxfKmZYQs0g15JyJ2elalp8lfQaAioXWb3F96sBUrfH0NQMitSu1H3COZ7dzIXltpuKt0.88TNuCWk9EIu7F.:17056:3:180:3:::
[root@localhost home]#
# (10)、添加用户openstack,其ID号为3003, 基本组为clouds,附加组为peguin和nova;
[root@localhost home]# useradd -u 3003 -g clouds -G peguin,nova openstack
useradd: group 'clouds' does not exist
[root@localhost home]# groupadd clouds
[root@localhost home]# useradd -u 3003 -g clouds -G peguin,nova openstack
[root@localhost home]# groupadd nova
[root@localhost home]# useradd -u 3003 -g clouds -G peguin,nova openstack
[root@localhost home]# id openstack
uid=3003(openstack) gid=2019(clouds) groups=2019(clouds),2017(peguin),2020(nova)
[root@localhost home]#
# (11)、添加系统用户mysql,要求其shell为/sbin/nologin;
[root@localhost home]# useradd -r mysql -s /sbin/nologin
useradd: group mysql exists – if you want to add this user to that group, use -g.
[root@localhost home]# id centos
uid=1001(centos) gid=1005(mysql) groups=1005(mysql)
[root@localhost home]# groupdel mysql
groupdel: cannot remove the primary group of user 'centos'
[root@localhost home]# userdel -r centos
userdel: group centos not removed because it is not the primary group of user centos.
[root@localhost home]# groupdel mysql
[root@localhost home]# useradd -r mysql -s /sbin/nologin
[root@localhost home]# id mysql
uid=996(mysql) gid=994(mysql) groups=994(mysql)
[root@localhost home]#
# (12)、使用echo命令,非交互式为openstack添加密码。
[root@localhost xujie]# echo "1234" | passwd –stdin "openstack"
Changing password for user openstack.
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@localhost ~]# su -l xujie
Last login: Mon Sep 12 07:23:37 EDT 2016 on pts/0
[xujie@localhost ~]$ su -l openstack
Password:
Last failed login: Mon Sep 12 07:24:02 EDT 2016 on pts/0
There were 5 failed login attempts since the last successful login.
[openstack@localhost ~]$
原创文章,作者:N22-南京-修,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/45780
评论列表(1条)
ip地址匹配不正确,没有好好听咱们的分享课吧,那里面讲过ip地址怎么匹配