前言
LAMP(linux+apache+mariadb+php)以下都以源码安装方式,环境为3台虚拟机内存各4G、2核cpu,apache通过fastcgi连接php,数据库用mariadb。
搭建环境:Centos6.4
服务器一
IP地址:192.168.146.140
安装软件:apache2.4.12
硬盘:20G
服务器二
IP地址:192.168.146.141
安装软件:PHP5.6
硬盘:20G
服务器三
IP地址:192.168.146.139
安装软件:mariadb-10.0.19
硬盘一:20G
硬盘二:20G以lvm方式工作,方便今后扩展和数据快照
如下图
apache2.4.12安装
httpd程序依赖于apr和apr-util,
apr: apache portable runtime(httpd2.4依赖于1.4以上的apr和apr-util,安装前请查看机器上的apr) 检查命令:
rpm -qa | grep apr (如不满足要求,请自行安装高版本apr)
apr下载地址:http://apr.apache.org/download.cgi
安装新apr包,为了避免和老版本冲突,另指明安装位置,也可以把老版本删除后重新安装,请自行决定安装方式
tar xf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz:解压apr
cd apr-1.5.2 :进入解压目录
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr15:指明apr安装路径
make && make install:编译安装
tar xf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz:解压apr-util
cd apr-util-1.5.4
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apr-util –with-apr=/usr/local/apr15/:指明安装目录和apr工作对象
make && make install:编译安装
tar xf httpd-2.4.12.tar.bz2
cd httpd-2.4.12
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/apache –sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 –enable-so –enable-ssl –enable-cgi –enable-rewrite –with-zlib –with-pcre –with-apr=/usr/local/apr15/ –with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ –enable-mpms-shared=all –with-mpm=event –enable-modules=most
–sysconfdir:指定配置文件路径
–enable-so:支持DSO动态装卸模块
–enable-ssl:编译启用ssl模块,但是这项依赖于openssl和openssl-devel
–enable-cgi:启用cgi
–enable-rewrite:url重写,但是它依赖于pcre(perl正则表达式分析器)
–with-zlib:数据报文发送时的压缩库
–with-pcre:如果指明要使用prcr就需要把相关的pcre-devel先安装好
–with-apr=/usr/local/apr:指定apr路径。
–with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/
–enable-mpms-shared=all –with-mpm=event:动态加载mpm并指明用哪个模式运行
–enable-modules={all,most}:all编译所有模块或者most常用模块,编译好可以不用。
make && make install
安装后启动httpd,启动脚本在安装目录下/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
./apachectl start:启动httpd
主配置文件在/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf,主配置文件中还包含扩展配置文件,include定义了文件路径
编辑/etc/httpd24/httpd.conf,添加如下行即可,规范指定pid路径,:
PidFile "/var/run/httpd.pid"
启用mod_proxy_fcgi.so必须使用代理模块proxy_module,把以下2个注释去掉即可:
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
启用反向代理:
ProxyRequests Off:关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://192.168.146.141:9000/$1:所有以.php结尾的网页都以fcgi方式转到后面网页
让apache能识别php格式的页面,并支持php格式的主页
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
定位至DirectoryIndex index.html
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
如果想换一种启动方式:注释加载模块,添加相应模块即可
注释LoadModule mpm_event_module modules/mod_mpm_event.so
添加LoadModule mpm_worker_module modules/mod_mpm_worker.so
主程序修改mpm参数
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
http参数详解http://5990383.blog.51cto.com/blog/5980383/1651587
如需使用虚拟主机,先注释中心主机
注释 DocumentRoot
启用 Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf,在配置文件中按需添加虚拟主机。
配置启动脚本
cd /etc/init.d/
cp httpd httpd24:复制原有脚本
vim httpd24:修改脚本
apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid}
chkconfig –add httpd24 设置启动项
安装mariadb10.0.19,已把第二块磁盘做成lvm逻辑卷挂载到/mydata/data目录下
安装前先检查是否已经安装mysql程序
以二进制方式安装
tar xf mariadb-10.0.19-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
vim /usr/local/mariadb-10.0.19-linux-x86_64/INSTALL-BINARY:打开指定文档,按要求安装数据库 shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -g mysql mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> gunzip < /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xvf –
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
shell> bin/mysqld_safe –user=mysql &
ln -sv mariadb-10.0.19-linux-x86_64 mysql
chown -R root:mysql .
mkdir /etc/mysql:为了避免和/etc/my.cnf冲突所以建立个目录单独存放my.cnf,建议备份后直接覆盖
cp ./support-files/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf:复制文件
datadir=/mydata/data:添加指定目录数据存储到/data/mydata目录
scripts/mysql_install_db –user=mysql –datadir=/mydata/data:指定用户和路径初始化数据库
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld:复制启动脚本
chkconfig –add mysqld
chkconfig –level 2345 mysqld on
chkconfig –list mysqld
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'XXXXXX':
service mysqld start
create database phpdb;
create user phpuser@'192.168.%.%' identified by 'XXXXXX'
grant all on phpdb.* to phpuser@'192.168.%.%';
编译安装php-5.6.9.tar.bz2
请配置好yum源(系统安装源及epel源)后执行如下命令:
# yum -y groupinstall "Desktop Platform Development"
# yum -y install bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel
tar xf php-5.6.9.tar.bz2
cd php-5.6.9
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql –with-openssl –with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config –enable-mbstring –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –enable-sockets –enable-fpm –with-config-file-path=/etc –with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d –with-bz2
–prefix=/usr/local/php:安装路径
–with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql:编译使用mysql驱动指明路径,如果是rpm包安装的mysql只需写–with-mysql
–with-openssl: –with-mysql的加密工具
–with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config:php访问mysql的另外一种机制
–enable-mbstring:多字节字串,如果想支持中文这个选项是必须
–with-freetype-dir:字体处理工具,php显示网页可以对字体加工。
–with-jpeg-dir :jpeg图片生成工具
–with-png-dir:png图片生成工具
–with-zlib:压缩库
–with-libxml-dir=/usr:指明需要使用的xml库所在位置,
–enable-xml:启用xml功能
–enable-sockets:支持sockets方式进行通信
–enable-fpm:以fpm方式运行
–with-mcrypt:支持使用加密库
–with-config-file-path=/etc:在etc下创建主配置文件php.ini
–with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d:支持主配置文件以外在php.d下的以.ini结尾子配置文件,
–with-bz2:支持bz2压缩
configure: error: Cannot find OpenSSL's <evp.h>:检查环境报错
解决方式:yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
configure: error: Please reinstall the BZip2 distribution
解决方式:yum install bzip2 bzip2-devel
configure: error: mcrypt.h not found. Please reinstall libmcrypt
解决方式:去掉–with-mcrypt
onfigure: error: Cannot find MySQL header files under /usr/local/mysql.
解决方式修改mysql指定路径
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/php –with-mysql=mysqlnd –with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd –with-mysqli=mysqlnd –with-openssl –enable-mbstring –with-freetype-dir –with-jpeg-dir –with-png-dir –with-zlib –with-libxml-dir=/usr –enable-xml –enable-sockets –enable-fpm –with-config-file-path=/etc –with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d –with-bz2
为php提供配置文件:
cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
设置启动脚本:
cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig –add php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on
为启动脚本添加配置文件:
cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
编辑启动脚本配置文件: 配置fpm的相关选项为你所需要的值,并启用pid文件(如下最后一行):
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
pm.max_children = 50:最大并发响应
pm.start_servers = 5:启动空闲进程等待响应用户请求
pm.min_spare_servers = 2:最小空闲进程
pm.max_spare_servers = 8:最大空闲进程
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log:启动错误日志
listen = 192.168.146.141:9000:修改监听端口默认只监听127.0.0.1
启动php:
service php-fpm start
使用如下命令来验正:
ps aux | grep php-fpm
以上为编译安装LAMP环境
并发数压力测试: ab -n 5000 -c 100 http://192.168.146.140/index.php
Requests per second: 263.38 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 379.675 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 3.797 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
php加速器xcache:快速而且稳定的PHP opcode缓存,xcache是作为php模块使用的。
tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz
cd xcache-3.2.0
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize:生成config脚本。
–with-php-config编译时指明为php模块进行编译,–enable-xcache启用xcache模块
./configure –enable-xcache –with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make && make install
mkdir /etc/php.d
cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini
extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20131226/xcache.so
service php-fpm restar
在phpinfo()测试页中可以看到xcache说明已经安装成功。
原创文章,作者:xiangjin1,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/4802
评论列表(1条)
内容详尽到位,如果样式上加用代码语言格式化加上低落的分隔会漂亮很快