1、创建一个10G分区,并格式为ext4文件系统; (1) 要求其block大小为2048, 预留空间百分比为2, 卷标为MYDATA, 默认挂载属性包含acl; [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdf Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-6527, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-6527, default 6527): +10G Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@localhost ~]# kpartx -af /dev/sdf [root@localhost ~]# dmsetup status [root@localhost ~]# dmsetup remove_all [root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -b 2048 -L 'MYDATA' -m 2 /dev/sdf1 (2) 挂载至/data/mydata目录,要求挂载时禁止程序自动运行,且不更新文件的访问时间戳; [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /data/mydata [root@localhost ~]# mount -o noexec,noatime /dev/sdf1 /data/mydata/ 2、创建一个大小为1G的swap分区,并创建好文件系统,并启用之; [root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdf Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 2 First cylinder (1307-6527, default 1307): Using default value 1307 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1307-6527, default 6527): +1G Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-4): 2 Hex code (type L to list codes): 82 Changed system type of partition 2 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris) Command (m for help): w [root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/sdf2 Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1060284 KiB no label, UUID=b7d1a974-a04c-434c-8304-c5d6bdeb2779 [root@localhost ~]# swapon /dev/sdf2 3、写一个脚本 (1)、获取并列出当前系统上的所有磁盘设备; (2)、显示每个磁盘设备上每个分区相关的空间使用信息; [root@localhost tmp]# vim disk_no.sh #!/bin/bash disk=$(fdisk -l |grep "Disk /dev/[sh]d"|cut -d: -f1) diskspace=$(fdisk -l | grep "/dev/[sh]d[a-z][1-9]"| awk '{print $1}'| df -h) echo -e "$disk\n" echo -e "$diskspace\n" [root@localhost tmp]# bash disk_no.sh 4、总结RAID的各个级别及其组合方式和性能的不同; RAID-0: 读、写性能提升 可用空间:N*min(S1,S2,...) 无容错能力 最少磁盘数:2,2+ RAID-1: 读性能提升、写性能略有下降 可用空间:1*min(S1,S2,...) 有冗余能力 最少磁盘数: 2,2+ RAID-4: 读、写性能提升 可用空间:(N-1)*min(S1,S2,...) 有容错能力:最多坏1块磁盘 最少磁盘数:3, 3+ RAID-5: 读、写性能提升 可用空间:(N-1)*min(S1,S2,...) 有容错能力:1块磁盘 最少磁盘数:3,3+ RAID-6: 读写性能提升 可用空间(N-2)*min(S1,S2,...) 有容错能力:2块磁盘 最少磁盘数:4,4+ 混合类型: RAID-10: 读,写性能提升 可用空间:N*min(S1,S2,...)/2 有容错能力:每组镜像最多只能坏一块 最少磁盘数:4,4+ 5、创建一个大小为10G的RAID1,要求有一个空闲盘,而且CHUNK大小为128k; [root@localhost ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md1 -n2 -l1 -c 128 -x1 /dev/sd{c,d,e} [root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 /dev/md1: Version : 1.2 Creation Time : Sun Sep 25 16:45:06 2016 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 10477568 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB) Used Dev Size : 10477568 (9.99 GiB 10.73 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Sun Sep 25 16:45:59 2016 State : clean Active Devices : 2 Working Devices : 3 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Name : localhost.localdomain:1 (local to host localhost.localdomain) UUID : 128eeac8:2e46723d:c0c503d8:3ca4c831 Events : 17 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 32 0 active sync /dev/sdc 1 8 48 1 active sync /dev/sdd 2 8 64 - spare /dev/sde 6、创建一个大小为4G的RAID5设备,chunk大小为256k,格式化ext4文件系统,要求可开机自动挂载至/backup目录,而且不更新访问时间戳,且支持acl功能; 添加3块4G的硬盘 [root@localhost ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md2 -n3 -l5 -c 256 /dev/sd{c,d,e} [root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/md2 [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab /dev/md2 /backup ext4 noatime,acl 0 0 [root@localhost ~]# mount -a [root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/md2 on /backup type ext4 (rw,noatime,acl) 7、写一个脚本 (1) 接受一个以上文件路径作为参数; (2) 显示每个文件拥有的行数; (3) 总结说明本次共为几个文件统计了其行数; [root@test tmp]# vim args.sh #!/bin/bash if [ $# -eq 0 ];then echo "please input file path" exit 1 fi for i in $*;do echo "$i lines :$(grep ".*" $i |wc -l)" done echo "file total:$#" [root@test tmp]# bash args.sh /etc/passwd /etc/inittab 8、写一个脚本 (1) 传递两个以上字符串当作用户名; (2) 创建这些用户;且密码同用户名; (3) 总结说明共创建了几个用户; [root@test tmp]# vim CretUser2.sh #!/bin/bash if [ $# -lt 2 ];then echo "please input at least two users" exit 1 fi for i in $*; do useradd $i password=$i echo $password |passwd --stdin $i done echo "Created users total:$#" [root@test tmp]# bash CretUser2.sh test102 test103 9、写一个脚本,新建20个用户,visitor1-visitor20;计算他们的ID之和; [root@test tmp]# vim CretUser20.sh #!/bin/bash declare -i sumuid=0 for ((i=1;i<=20;i++));do username=visitor$i useradd $username uid=`id -u $username` let sumuid+=$uid done echo "the users id sum:$sumuid" [root@test tmp]# bash CretUser20.sh 10、写一脚本,分别统计/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit、/etc/rc.d/init.d/functions和/etc/fstab文件中以#号开头的行数之和,以及总的空白行数; [root@test ~]# vim filelines.sh #!/bin/bash for i in /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions /etc/fstab;do line=$(grep "^#" $i |wc -l|cut -d' ' -f1) echo "$i The first char is # lines:$line" let lines1+=$line let lines2+=$(grep "^[[:space:]]*$" $i |wc -l|cut -d' ' -f1) done echo "The first char is # lines total:$lines1" echo "The space lines total:$lines2" [root@test ~]# bash filelines.sh 11、写一个脚本,显示当前系统上所有默认shell为bash的用户的用户名、UID以及此类所有用户的UID之和; [root@test ~]# vim sumuid.sh #!/bin/bash grep "/bin/bash$" /etc/passwd|awk -F: '{print $1,$3}' uid=$(grep "/bin/bash$" /etc/passwd|cut -d: -f 3) for i in $uid;do let sumuid+=$i done echo "All users id sum:"$sumuid [root@test ~]# bash sumuid.sh 12、写一个脚本,显示当前系统上所有,拥有附加组的用户的用户名;并说明共有多少个此类用户; [root@test ~]# vim UserGrp.sh #!/bin/bash Sum_user=0 echo "attach group users list:" while read line; do User_name=$(echo ${line} | cut -d: -f1) Num=$(id -G ${User_name} | wc -w) if [[ ${Num} -ge 2 ]]; then echo "${User_name}" let Sum_user+=1 fi done < /etc/passwd echo "The number of user: ${Sum_user}" [root@test ~]# bash UserGrp.sh 13、创建一个由至少两个物理卷组成的大小为20G的卷组;要求,PE大小为8M;而在卷组中创建一个大小为5G的逻辑卷mylv1,格式化为ext4文件系统,开机自动挂载至/users目录,支持acl; [root@test ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-1958, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1958, default 1958): +10G Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! [root@test ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-1958, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1958, default 1958): +10G Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM) Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! [root@test ~]# kpartx -af /dev/sdb [root@test ~]# kpartx -af /dev/sdc [root@test ~]# dmsetup remove sdb1 [root@test ~]# dmsetup remove sdc1 [root@test ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 [root@test ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1 [root@test ~]# vgcreate -s 8m myvg /dev/sd{b,c}1 [root@test ~]# lvcreate -L 5g -n mylv1 myvg [root@test ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/myvg/mylv1 [root@test ~]# vim /etc/fstab /dev/myvg/mylv1 /users ext4 defaults,acl 0 0 [root@test ~]# mount -a 14、新建用户magedu;其家目录为/users/magedu,而后su切换至此用户,复制多个文件至家目录; [root@test users]# useradd magedu -d /users/magedu [root@test users]# su - magedu [magedu@test ~]$ cp /etc/passwd ./ [magedu@test ~]$ cp /etc/inittab ./ [magedu@test ~]$ cp /etc/fstab ./ 15、扩展mylv1至9G,确保扩展完成后原有数据完全可用; [root@test users]# lvextend -L +4G -n /dev/myvg/mylv1 [root@test users]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/mylv1 16、缩减mylv1至7G,确保缩减完成后原有数据完全可用; [root@test users]# resize2fs /dev/myvg/mylv1 7G [root@test users]# e2fsck -f /dev/myvg/mylv1 [root@test users]# lvreduce -L 7G /dev/myvg/mylv1 17、对mylv1创建快照,并通过备份数据;要求保留原有的属主属组等信息; [root@test users]# lvcreate -L 7G -p r -s -n mylv1_snapshot /dev/myvg/mylv1
原创文章,作者:N22_上海_长清,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/49519
评论列表(2条)
第八题其实是缺少判断用户是否存在的,如果存在你添加是会报错的,所以要先判断在往后处理哦。
@luoweiro:好的,我去修改一下。谢谢老师指导!