1、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1,要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其它用户均没有任何访问权限。
~]# cp -r /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1 ~]# cd /home/tuser1 tuser1]# ll -a 总用量 12 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 59 12月 22 02:34 . drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 56 12月 22 02:34 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 12月 22 02:34 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 193 12月 22 02:34 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 231 12月 22 02:34 .bashrc tuser1]# cd .. home]# chmod -R g=-,o=- tuser1/ home]# ll -d tuser1/ drwx------. 2 root root 59 12月 22 02:34 tuser1/ ]# cd /home/tuser1/ tuser1]# ll -a 总用量 12 drwx------. 2 root root 59 12月 22 02:34 . drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 56 12月 22 02:34 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 18 12月 22 02:34 .bash_logout -rw-------. 1 root root 193 12月 22 02:34 .bash_profile -rw-------. 1 root root 231 12月 22 02:34 .bashrc
2、编辑/etc/group文件,添加组hadoop。
~]# tail -1 /etc/group hadoop:x:1003
3、手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行,添加用户hadoop,其基本组ID为hadoop组的id号;其家目录为/home/hadoop。
~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd hadoop:x:1003:1003:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
4、复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop,要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其它用户没有任何访问权限。
~]# cp -r /etc/skel/ /home/hadoop ~]# chmod -R g=-,o=- /home/hadoop
5、修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop,属组为hadoop。
~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop ~]# ll -d /home/hadoop drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 59 12月 22 02:42 /home/hadoop hadoop]# ll -a 总用量 12 drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 59 12月 22 02:42 . drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 69 12月 22 02:42 .. -rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 18 12月 22 02:42 .bash_logout -rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 193 12月 22 02:42 .bash_profile -rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 231 12月 22 02:42 .bashrc
6、显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写或小写S开头的行;用两种方式;
(1) ~]# grep -i '^s' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 31856 kB Slab: 210572 kB SReclaimable: 154096 kB SUnreclaim: 56476 kB (2) ~]# egrep '^(s|S)' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 31856 kB Slab: 210580 kB SReclaimable: 154104 kB SUnreclaim: 56476 kB (3) ~]# grep '^[sS]' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 31856 kB Slab: 210572 kB SReclaimable: 154112 kB SUnreclaim: 56460 kB (4) ~]# awk '/^[sS]/ {print $0}' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 31856 kB Slab: 210572 kB SReclaimable: 154112 kB SUnreclaim: 56460 kB (5) ~]# sed -n '/^[sS]/ p' /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 31856 kB Slab: 210572 kB SReclaimable: 154112 kB SUnreclaim: 56460 kB
7、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户;
~]# grep -v '/sbin/nologin' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt elsearch:x:1000:1000::/home/elsearch:/bin/bash nginx:x:1001:1001::/home/nginx:/bin/bash www:x:1002:1002::/home/www:/bin/bash hadoop:x:1003:1003:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash ~]# awk -F ':' '{if ($7 != "/sbin/nologin")print $0}' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt elsearch:x:1000:1000::/home/elsearch:/bin/bash nginx:x:1001:1001::/home/nginx:/bin/bash www:x:1002:1002::/home/www:/bin/bash hadoop:x:1003:1003:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
8、显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户;
~]# grep '/bin/bash' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash elsearch:x:1000:1000::/home/elsearch:/bin/bash nginx:x:1001:1001::/home/nginx:/bin/bash www:x:1002:1002::/home/www:/bin/bash hadoop:x:1003:1003:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash ~]# awk -F ':' '{if ($7 == "/bin/bash")print $0}' /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash elsearch:x:1000:1000::/home/elsearch:/bin/bash nginx:x:1001:1001::/home/nginx:/bin/bash www:x:1002:1002::/home/www:/bin/bash ~]# sed -n "/\/bin\/bash/ p" /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash elsearch:x:1000:1000::/home/elsearch:/bin/bash nginx:x:1001:1001::/home/nginx:/bin/bash www:x:1002:1002::/home/www:/bin/bash hadoop:x:1003:1003:/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位数或两位数;
~]# egrep "\<[[:digit:]]{1,2}\>" /etc//passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin apache:x:48:48:Apache:/usr/share/httpd:/sbin/nologin mysql:x:27:27:MariaDB Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
10、显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行;
~]# grep '^[[:space:]]\+' /boot/grub/grub.conf
11、显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头,后面跟至少一个空白字符,而后又有至少一个非空白字符的行;
~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[[:graph:]]\+" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit
12、打出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’跟0、1或多个空白字符结尾的行
~]# netstat -ant | grep 'LISTEN[[:space:]]* '
13、添加用户bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一个用户的shell为/sbin/nologin),而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息;
~]# grep '^\(.*\):.*\1$' /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:1004:1004::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:1007:1007::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
原创文章,作者:N25_随心,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/64471
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不错,内容和排版一目了然,再接再励。