1、写一个脚本,判断当前系统上所有用户的shell是否为可登录shell(即用户的shell不是/sbin/nologin);分别这两类用户的个数;通过字符串比较来实现;
awk -F: '{if($NF!="/sbin/nologin") print $1}' /etc/passwd | wc -l
2、写一个脚本 (1) 获取当前主机的主机名,保存于hostname变量中; (2) 判断此变量的值是否为localhost,如果是,则将当前主机名修改为www.magedu.com; (3) 否则,则显示当前主机名;
#!/bin/bash
a=$(hostname)
[ “$a” == “localhost” ] && hostname www.magedu.com
hostname
3、写一个脚本,完成如下功能 (1) 传递一个磁盘设备文件路径给脚本,判断此设备是否存在; (2) 如果存在,则显示此设备上的所有分区信息;
#!/bin/bash [ -b $1 ] && fdisk -l [root@localhost dev]# bash devic.sh /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk label type: dos Disk identifier: 0x000a1d43 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux /dev/sda2 2099200 41943039 19921920 8e Linux LVM Disk /dev/mapper/cl-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk /dev/mapper/cl-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes [root@localhost dev]# bash devic.sh /dev/sdf [root@localhost dev]# echo $? 1
~
4、写一个脚本,完成如下功能 脚本能够接受一个参数; (1) 如果参数1为quit,则显示退出脚本,并执行正常退出; (2) 如果参数1为yes,则显示继续执行脚本; (3) 否则,参数1为其它任意值,均执行非正常退出;
#!/bin/bash [ "$1" == "quit" ] && echo " exit the processing " && exit [ "$1" == "yes" ] && echo " continue processing the scripts " [ "$1" != "quit" -a "$1" != "yes" ] && echo " error " && exit [root@localhost tmp]# bash test3.sh quit exit the processing [root@localhost tmp]# bash test3.sh yes continue processing the scripts [root@localhost tmp]# bash test3.sh 1334 error [root@localhost tmp]#
5、写一个脚本,完成如下功能 传递一个参数给脚本,此参数为gzip、bzip2或者xz三者之一; (1) 如果参数1的值为gzip,则使用tar和gzip归档压缩/etc目录至/backups目录中,并命名为/backups/etc-20160613.tar.gz; (2) 如果参数1的值为bzip2,则使用tar和bzip2归档压缩/etc目录至/backups目录中,并命名为/backups/etc-20160613.tar.bz2; (3) 如果参数1的值为xz,则使用tar和xz归档压缩/etc目录至/backups目录中,并命名为/backups/etc-20160613.tar.xz; (4) 其它任意值,则显示错误压缩工具,并执行非正常退出;
#!/bin/bash [ "$1" == "gzip" ] && tar -zcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz /etc [ "$1" == "bzip2" ] && tar -jcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.bz2 /etc [ "$1" == "xz" ] && tar -Jcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.xz /etc [ "$1" != "gzip" -a "$1" != "bzip2" -a "$1" != "xz" ] && echo "error" && exit [root@localhost backups]# bash tartool.sh xz tar: Removing leading `/' from member names [root@localhost backups]# ls etc etc-20170322.tar.gz etc-20172203 tartool.sh etc-20170322.tar.bz2 etc-20170322.tar.xz etc-.tar.xz
6、写一个脚本,接受一个路径参数: (1) 如果为普通文件,则说明其可被正常访问; (2) 如果是目录文件,则说明可对其使用cd命令; (3) 如果为符号链接文件,则说明是个访问路径; (4) 其它为无法判断;
#!/bin/bash if [ -f $1 ]; then echo " this file can be visited " elif [ -d $1 ]; then echo " it is directory and and can be excuted by command cd " elif [ -L $1 ]; then echo " it is a path to visit " elif [ -e $1 ]; then echo " file exit but can not identify filetype" else echo " can not be identified" fi
7、写一个脚本,取得当前主机的主机名,判断 (1) 如果主机名为空或为localhost,或为””(none)””,则将其命名为mail.magedu.com; (2) 否则,显示现有的主机名即可;
#!/bin/bash a=$(hostname) [ "$a" == "localhost" -o "$a" == "none" ] && hostname www.magedu.com hostname
8、写一脚本,接受一个用户名为参数; (1) 如果用户的id号为0,则显示其为管理员; (2) 如果用户的id号大于0且小于500, 则显示其为系统用户; (3) 否则,则显示其为普通用户;
#!/bin/bash declare -i userid userid=$(id -u $1) if [ $userid -eq 0 ]; then echo "$1 is administer " elif [ $userid -gt 0 -a $userid -lt 500 ]; then echo "$1 is system user" else echo "$1 is a common user" fi
10、写一个脚本,传递一个用户名参数给脚本; (1) 如果用户的id号大于等于500,且其默认shell为以sh结尾的字符串,则显示“a user can log system.”类的字符串; (2) 否则,则显示无法登录系统;
#!/bin/bash if ! id $1 &> /dev/null;then echo " no such user,will exit " exit 2 else userid=$(id -u $1) if [ $userid -ge 500 ] && grep "^$1.*sh$" /etc/passwd &> /dev/null;then echo "$1 is a user can log system" else echo "can not log in system" fi fi
11、写一个脚本,完成如下任务 : (1) 按顺序分别复制/var/log目录下的每个直接文件或子目录至/tmp/test1-testn目录中; (2) 复制目录时,才使用cp -r命令; (3) 复制文件时使用cp命令; (4) 复制链接文件时使用cp -d命令; (5) 余下的所有类型,使用cp -a命令;”
#!/bin/bash declare -i di=1 for j in /var/log/* do [ -d /tmp/test$di ] || mkdir -p /tmp/test$di if [ -d $j ]; then cp -r $j /tmp/test$di elif [ -f $j ]; then cp $j /tmp/test$di elif [ -L $J ] ; then cp -d $j /tmp/test$di else cp -a $j /tmp/test$di fi let di++ done
原创文章,作者:diglinux,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/72172