netstat命令
netstat 命令用于显示各种网络相关信息,如网络连接,路由表,接口状态 (Interface Statistics),masquerade 连接,多播成员 (Multicast Memberships) 等等
1 常用选项:
-a :(all)显示所有选项,默认不显示LISTEN相关
-t :(tcp)仅显示tcp相关选项
-u :(udp)仅显示udp相关选项
-n :以数字显示IP和端口,能显示数字的全部转化成数字。
-l :仅列出有在 Listen (监听) 的服務状态
-p: 显示建立相关链接的程序名
-r :显示路由信息,路由表
-e :显示扩展信息,例如uid等
-s :按各个协议进行统计
-c :每隔一个固定时间,执行该netstat命令。
-w:raw socket相关
2 -tan 显示所有tcp端口
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -ant Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 52 192.168.29.3:22 192.168.29.1:51029 ESTABLISHED tcp 0 0 192.168.29.3:22 192.168.29.1:51180 ESTABLISHED tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::*
3 显示所有udo端口 -uan
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -anu Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:47414 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:*
4 显示所有处于监听的tcp端口 -tnl
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -tnl Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:111 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:631 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::111 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:631 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN
5 显示所有处于监听状态的udp端口 -unl
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -unl Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5353 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:47414 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:20815 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:68 0.0.0.0:* udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:9804 0.0.0.0:* udp6 0 0 :::12799 :::* udp6 0 0 :::37953 :::*
6 显示路由表 –rn
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -nr Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.29.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens33 192.168.29.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 ens33 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0 [root@centos7 ~]# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 192.168.29.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 ens33 192.168.29.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 ens33 192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
7 显示每个协议的统计信息
显示所有端口的统计信息 netstat -s
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -s Ip: 3808 total packets received 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 2444 incoming packets delivered 2254 requests sent out 32 outgoing packets dropped Icmp: 676 ICMP messages received 0 input ICMP message failed. ICMP input histogram: destination unreachable: 148 echo replies: 528 717 ICMP messages sent 0 ICMP messages failed ICMP output histogram: destination unreachable: 148 echo request: 569 [……]
显示 TCP 或 UDP 端口的统计信息 netstat -st 或 -su
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -st IcmpMsg: InType0: 528 InType3: 148 OutType3: 148 OutType8: 569 Tcp: 0 active connections openings 2 passive connection openings 0 failed connection attempts 0 connection resets received 2 connections established 1637 segments received 1418 segments send out 0 segments retransmited 0 bad segments received. 0 resets sent
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -su IcmpMsg: InType0: 528 InType3: 148 OutType3: 148 OutType8: 569 Udp: 0 packets received 140 packets to unknown port received. 0 packet receive errors 169 packets sent 0 receive buffer errors 0 send buffer errors UdpLite: IpExt: InMcastPkts: 27 OutMcastPkts: 33 InBcastPkts: 766 InOctets: 410294 OutOctets: 432666 InMcastOctets: 4963 OutMcastOctets: 5444 InBcastOctets: 179503 InNoECTPkts: 3848
8 显示 PID 和进程名称 netstat -p
[root@centos7 ~]# netstat -p Active Internet connections (w/o servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 52 centos7.3.local:ssh gateway:51029 ESTABLISHED 1552/sshd: root@pts tcp 0 0 centos7.3.local:ssh gateway:51180 ESTABLISHED 1854/sshd: root@pts Active UNIX domain sockets (w/o servers) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node PID/Program name Path unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8520 1/systemd /run/systemd/notify unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 8522 1/systemd /run/systemd/cgroups-agent unix 5 [ ] DGRAM 8542 1/systemd /run/systemd/journal/socket unix 28 [ ] DGRAM 8544 1/systemd /dev/log unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 11419 1/systemd /run/systemd/shutdownd unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23993 1276/ibus-x11
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