网络接口配置–Bonding
Bonding
就是讲到快网卡绑定到同一IP地址对外服务,可以实现高可用或者负载均衡。当然,直接给两块网卡设置同一IP地址是不可能的。通过bonding,虚拟一块网卡对外提供连接,物理网卡被修改为同一MAC地址。
一 Bonding 的工作模式
Mode 0 (balance-rr)
轮转(Round-robin)策略:从头到尾顺序的在每一个slave接口上面发送数据包。本模式提供负载均衡和容错的能力。
Mode 1 (active-backuop)
活动-备份(主备)策略:在绑定中,只有一个slave被激活,当且仅活动的slave接口失败是才会激活其他的slave。为了避免交换机发生混乱此时绑定的MAC地址只有一个外部端口上可见。
Mode 3 (broadcast)
广播策略:在所有的slave接口上发送所有的报文。本模式提供容错能力。
二 Bonding配置
1 创建bonding设备的配置文件
[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 BOOTPROTO=none BONDING_OPTS="miimon=100 mode=0" IPADDR=200.200.200.200 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=200.200.200.1
miimon是设置检测链路的时间,单位为毫秒。如果miimon=100,那么系统每100毫秒检测一侧链路的连接状态,如果有一条线路不通就转入另一条线路。
mode用来指定模式
2 创建slave的配置文件
既就是要加入的网卡的配置文件,这里使用eth1、eth2两块网卡,下来修改两块网卡的配置
[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=0
MASTER指定测网卡属于哪个bond。SLAVE指定从属关系。USERCTL指定用户是否有控制权限。
eth2和eth1配置类似
[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2 DEVICE=eth2 TYPE=Ethernet BOOTPROTO=none MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=0
3 重启网络服务
[root@CentOS68 ~]# service NetworkManager stop #centos6上不稳定,建议关闭 [root@CentOS68 ~]# service network restart Shutting down interface bond0: [ OK ] Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ] Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ] Bringing up interface bond0: Determining if ip address 200.200.200.200 is already in use for device bond0...[ OK ] Bringing up interface eth0: Determining if ip address 192.168.29.68 is already in use for device eth0...[ OK ]
可以看到已经启动成功,再来看下IP地址和MAC
[root@CentOS68 ~]# ip a
[……] 7: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 8: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 9: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 200.200.200.200/24 brd 200.200.200.255 scope global bond0 inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe74:7445/64 scope link tentative dadfailed valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
可以看到IP地址已经生效,并且MAC地址都相同。
4 查看bond0的状态
[root@CentOS68 ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0 Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011) Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin) MII Status: up MII Polling Interval (ms): 100 Up Delay (ms): 0 Down Delay (ms): 0 Slave Interface: eth1 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:74:74:45 Slave queue ID: 0 Slave Interface: eth2 MII Status: up Speed: 1000 Mbps Duplex: full Link Failure Count: 0 Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:74:74:4f Slave queue ID: 0
好了,一切都很顺利
5 删除bond
[root@CentOS68 ~]# ifconfig bond0 down [root@CentOS68 ~]# rmmod bonding
看下是否删除成功,
[root@CentOS68 ~]# ifconfig bond0 bond0: error fetching interface information: Device not found
已经找不到bond0,说明删除成功。
详细帮助:/etc/share/doc/kernel-doc-version/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt
三 nmcli实现bonding
1 添加bonding接口
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond con-name mybond0 ifname bond0 mode active-backup Connection 'mybond0' (cc101e79-3dcb-49ee-8164-89c9e877c315) successfully added.
2添加从属接口
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond-slave ifname ens34 master mybond0 Connection 'bond-slave-ens34' (9c8ff11a-72ef-4d63-a950-2ab777d2a1ea) successfully added. [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond-slave ifname ens38 master mybond0 Connection 'bond-slave-ens38' (c40b3e6f-32f4-4d1a-a323-aed2519cf865) successfully added.
注意:如没有指定从属接口连接名,则该名称是接口名称加类型构成
3 启动从属接口
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up bond-slave-ens34 Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/40) [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up bond-slave-ens38 Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/41)
4 启动bonding 绑定
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up mybond0 Connection successfully activated (master waiting for slaves) (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/48)
5 查看绑定
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection show NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE bond-slave-ens34 9c8ff11a-72ef-4d63-a950-2ab777d2a1ea 802-3-ethernet ens34 bond-slave-ens38 c40b3e6f-32f4-4d1a-a323-aed2519cf865 802-3-ethernet ens38 mybond0 cc101e79-3dcb-49ee-8164-89c9e877c315 bond bond0
6 添加IP地址
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection modify mybond0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 200.1.1.1/24
7 删除bond绑定
(1)关闭bond
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection down mybond0 Connection 'mybond0' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/18)
(2)删除bond
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete mybond0 Connection 'mybond0' (9ed2f027-bbb1-44d1-87fc-7f7275d7fe70) successfully deleted.
(3)删除从属接口
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete bond-slave-ens34 Connection 'bond-slave-ens34' (a46ad620-d4b5-43f9-a73a-447785504a17) successfully deleted. [root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete bond-slave-ens38 Connection 'bond-slave-ens38' (66b1f44d-ad71-4576-8061-f6cba2b976e8) successfully deleted.
好了
原创文章,作者:linux is not unix,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/74904