ip ss route nmcli netstart 命令汇总

route命令

路由管理命令

查看:route -n

[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.101.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 eth0

添加:route add

route add [-net|-host] target [netmask Nm] [gw Gw][[dev] If]

    目标:192.168.1.3 网关:172.16.0.1

# route add -host 192.168.1.3  gw  172.16.0.1  dev  eth0

    目标:192.168.0.0  网关:172.16.0.1

# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0  gw  172.16.0.1  dev  eth0

       # route add -net 192.168.0.0/24  gw  172.16.0.1  dev  eth0

默认路由,网关:172.16.0.1

# route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0  gw  172.16.0.1

# route add default  gw  172.16.0.1

    删除:route del

route del [-net|-host] target [gw Gw] [netmask Nm] [[dev] If]

    目标:192.168.1.3 网关:172.16.0.1

# route del -host 192.168.1.3

    目标:192.168.0.0  网关:172.16.0.1

# route del -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0

[root@localhost ~]# route add -net 10.0.0.0/24 gw 127.0.0.1    (添加路由表)
[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.101.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 eth0
10.0.0.0        127.0.0.1       255.255.255.0   UG    0      0        0 lo
 
[root@localhost ~]# route del -net 10.0.0.0/24 gw 127.0.0.1 (删除路由表)
[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.101.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     1      0        0 eth0

netstat 命令

 netstat – Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships

显示网络连接:

netstat [–tcp|-t] [–udp|-u] [–raw|-w] [–listening|-l] [–all|-a] [–numeric|-n] [–extend|-e[–

extend|-e]] [–program|-p]

-t: tcp 协议相关

-u: udp 协议相关

-w: raw socket 相关

-l:处于监听状态

-a:所有状态

-n:以数字显示IP 和端口;

-e:扩展格式

-p:显示相关进程及PID

常用组合:

-tan, -uan, -tnl, -unl

显示路由表:

netstat {–route|-r} [–numeric|-n]

-r:  显示内核路由表

-n:  数字格式

显示接口统计数据:

netstat {–interfaces|-I|-i} [iface] [–all|-a] [–extend|-e] [–program|-p] [–numeric|-n]

netstat -i

netstat I=IFACE

ifconfig -s eno16777736

例:
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -rn
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
192.168.101.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 eth0
 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tun
Active Internet connections (w/o servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 192.168.101.128:22          192.168.101.1:52170         ESTABLISHED
tcp        0     52 192.168.101.128:22          192.168.101.1:54285         ESTABLISHED
 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:44842               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111                 0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22                  0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631               0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:6010              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      
 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address     Foreign Address     State       PID/Program name   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:44842        0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      1794/rpc.statd      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111          0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      1737/rpcbind        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22           0.0.0.0:*           LISTEN      2016/sshd           
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631        0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      1832/cupsd          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25         0.0.0.0:*         LISTEN      2102/master     
 
[root@localhost ~]# lsof -i :22 (查看22端口)
COMMAND  PID USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
sshd    2016 root    3u  IPv4  15379      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd    2016 root    4u  IPv6  15381      0t0  TCP *:ssh (LISTEN)
sshd    4151 root    3r  IPv4  25697      0t0  TCP 192.168.101.128:ssh->192.168.101.1:52170 (ESTABLISHED)
sshd    5784 root    3r  IPv4  30652      0t0  TCP 192.168.101.128:ssh->192.168.101.1:54285 (ESTABLISHED)
 
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -Ieth0
Kernel Interface table
Iface       MTU Met    RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth0       1500   0     4412      0      0      0     2818      0      0      0 BMRU

ip命令

配置Linux 网络属性:ip 命令

ip – show / manipulate routing, devices, policy routingand tunnels

ip [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }

OBJECT := { link | addr | route }

ip link – network device configuration

set dev IFACE

可设置属性:

up and down :激活或禁用指定接口

ifup/ifdown

show [dev IFACE] :指定接口

[up]:仅显示处于激活状态的接口

ip addr { add | del } IFADDR dev STRING

[label LABEL] :添加地址时指明网卡别名

[scope {global|link|host}] :指明作用域

global:  全局可用

link: 仅链接可用

host: 本机可用

[broadcast ADDRESS] :指明广播地址

ip address show – look at protocol addresses

[dev DEVICE]

[label PATTERN]

[primary and secondary]

ip address flush –  使用格式同show

ip addr add 172.16.100.100/16 dev eth0 label eth0:0

ip addr del 172.16.100.100/16 dev eth0 label eth0:0

ip addr flush dev eth0 label eth0:0

ip route – routing table management

添加路由:ip route add

ip route add TARGET via GW dev IFACE src SOURCE_IP

TARGET:

主机路由:IP

网络路由:NETWORK/MASK

ip route add 192.168.0.0/24 via 172.16.0.1

ip route add 192.168.1.13 via 172.16.0.1

添加网关:ip route add default via GW dev IFACE

ip route add default via 172.16.0.1

删除路由:ip route delete

ip route del TARGET

显示路由:ip route show|list

清空路由表:ip route flush [dev IFACE]  [via PREFIX]

ip route flush dev eth0

例:
[root@localhost ~]# ip a (显示IP地址)
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
5: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.101.128/24 brd 192.168.101.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee4:8ee3/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
6: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee4:8eed/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 
[root@localhost ~]# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
5: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:e3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
 
[root@localhost ~]# ip addr add 9.9.9.9/24 dev eth2       添加IP地址
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
 eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 9.9.9.9/24 scope global eth2
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee4:8eed/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 
[root@localhost ~]# ip a del  9.9.9.9/24 dev eth2
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fee4:8eed/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
 
[root@localhost ~]# ip a flush  dev eth2
[root@localhost ~]# ip a
eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:e4:8e:ed brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
[root@localhost ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0:                              [  OK  ]
Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]
Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]
Bringing up interface eth0:  
Determining IP information for eth0... done.
                                                           [  OK  ]

ss 命令

格式:ss [OPTION]… [FILTER]

netstat 通过遍历proc 来获取socket 信息,ss 使用netlink 与内核tcp_diag模块通信获取socket 信息。

选项:

-t: tcp 协议相关

-u: udp 协议相关

-w:裸套接字相关

-x:unix sock 相关

-l:listen 状态的连接

-a:所有

-n:数字格式

-p:相关的程序及PID

-e:扩展的信息

-m:内存用量

-o:计时器信息

FILTER : [ state TCP-STATE ] [ EXPRESSION ]

TCP 的常见状态:

tcp finite state machine:

LISTEN:  监听

ESTABLISHED :已建立的连接

FIN_WAIT_1

FIN_WAIT_2

SYN_SENT

SYN_RECV

CLOSED

EXPRESSION:

dport =

sport =

示例:( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh )

常用组合:

-tan, -tanl, -tanlp, -uan

常见用法:

ss -l  显示本地打开的所有端口

[root@localhost ~]# ss -l
State      Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port   
LISTEN     0      128                      *:44842                     *:*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::sunrpc                   :::*       
LISTEN     0      128                      *:sunrpc                    *:*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::47797                    :::*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::ssh                      :::*     

ss -pl  显示每个进程具体打开的socket

[root@localhost ~]# ss -pl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port   
LISTEN     0      128                      *:44842                     *:*        users:(("rpc.statd",1794,8))
LISTEN     0      128                     :::sunrpc                   :::*        users:(("rpcbind",1737,11))
LISTEN     0      128                      *:sunrpc                    *:*      

ss -t -a  显示所有tcp socket

[root@localhost ~]# ss -t -a
State      Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port   
LISTEN     0      128                      *:44842                     *:*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::sunrpc                   :::*       
LISTEN     0      128                      *:sunrpc                    *:*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::47797                    :::*       
LISTEN     0      128                     :::ssh                      :::*       
LISTEN     0      128                      *:ssh                       *:*       
LISTEN     0      128              127.0.0.1:ipp                       *:*    

ss -u -a  显示所有的UDP Socekt

[root@localhost ~]# ss -u -a
State      Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port   
UNCONN     0      0                        *:bootpc                    *:*       
UNCONN     0      0                        *:bootpc                    *:*       
UNCONN     0      0                        *:49123                     *:*       
UNCONN     0      0                        *:sunrpc                    *:*       
UNCONN     0      0                        *:ipp                       *:*      

ss -o state established ‘( dport = :ssh or sport = :ssh)’  显示所有已建立的ssh 连接

ss -o state established ‘( dport = :http or sport =:http )’  显示所有已建立的HTTP 连接

ss -s  列出当前socket

[root@localhost ~]# ss -s
Total: 911 (kernel 928)
TCP:   16 (estab 2, closed 0, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 0/0), ports 8
 
Transport Total     IP        IPv6
*     928       -         -        
RAW   0         0         0        
UDP   10        7         3        
TCP   16        9         7        
INET      26        16        10       
FRAG      0         0         0  

例:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -nalu
State      Recv-Q Send-Q         Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port
UNCONN     0      0                          *:68                        *:*     
UNCONN     0      0                          *:68                        *:*     
UNCONN     0      0                          *:49123                     *:*     
UNCONN     0      0                          *:111                       *:*    
 
root@localhost ~]# ss -tnalp
State      Recv-Q Send-Q         Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                        *:44842                     *:*      users:(("rpc.statd",1794,8))
LISTEN     0      128                       :::111                      :::*      users:(("rpcbind",1737,11))
LISTEN     0      128                        *:111                       *:*   
 
[root@localhost ~]# ss -nt
State      Recv-Q Send-Q         Local Address:Port           Peer Address:Port
ESTAB      0      0            192.168.101.128:22            192.168.101.1:52170
ESTAB      0      52           192.168.101.128:22            192.168.101.1:54285

nmcli命令

地址配置工具:nmcli

nmcli [ OPTIONS ] OBJECT { COMMAND | help }

device – show and manage network interfaces 显示和管理网络接口

nmcli device help nmcli设备帮助

connection – start, stop, and manage network connections连接启动.停止和管理网络连接

nmcli connection help nmcli连接帮助

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli device show
GENERAL.DEVICE:                         virbr0
GENERAL.TYPE:                           bridge
GENERAL.HWADDR:                         52:54:00:0E:BF:A5
GENERAL.MTU:                            1500
GENERAL.STATE:                          100 (connected)
GENERAL.CONNECTION:                     virbr0
GENERAL.CON-PATH:                       /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/1
IP4.ADDRESS[1]:                         192.168.122.1/24
IP4.GATEWAY:                            
IP6.GATEWAY:                            

修改IP 地址等属性:

#nmcli connection modify IFACE [+|-]setting.property value

setting.property:

ipv4.addresses ipv4.gateway

ipv4.dns1 ipv4.method manual | auto

[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli connection modify wired\ connection\ 1 connection.id con-eth1
将wired_connection_1改名为eth1

修改配置文件执行生效:systemctl restart network

nmcli con reload

nmcli命令生效:nmcli con down eth0 ;nmcli con up eth0

 

相关工具

网络接口配置tui工具:nmtui

主机名称配置工具:hostnamectl

status

set-hostname

 

使用nmcli 配置主机名

CentOS6 之前主机名配置文件:/etc/sysconfig/network

CentOS7 主机名 配置文件:/etc/hostname ,默认没有这个文件,通过DNS反向解析获取主机名,主机名默认为:localhost.localdomain

显示主机名信息

hostname

hostnamectl status

创建并修改文件并生效

hostnamectl set-hostname desktopX.example.com

删除文件,恢复 主机名localhost.localdomain

 

使用nmcli 配置网络

NeworkManager 是管理和监控网络设置的守护进程

设备即网络接口,连接是对网络接口的配置。一个网络接口可有多个连接配置,但同时只有一个连接配置生效

显示所有包括不活动连接

nmcli con show

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli con show (查看有多少套配置)
NAME    UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
ens33   ad4e4a2e-c6fe-4661-94d3-c02901f2e328  802-3-ethernet  ens33  
virbr0  ad2192b6-9a6d-4624-b273-12389b246f54  bridge          virbr0
 
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli connection show ens33
connection.id:                          ens33
connection.uuid:                        ad4e4a2e-c6fe-4661-94d3-c02901f2e328
connection.stable-id:                   --
connection.interface-name:              ens33
connection.type:                        802-3-ethernet
connection.autoconnect:                 yes
connection.autoconnect-priority:        0
connection.timestamp:                   1494160439

显示所有活动连接

nmcli con show –active

[root@localhost network-scripts]# nmcli con show --active
NAME    UUID                                  TYPE            DEVICE
ens33   ad4e4a2e-c6fe-4661-94d3-c02901f2e328  802-3-ethernet  ens33  
virbr0  ad2192b6-9a6d-4624-b273-12389b246f54  bridge          virbr0

显示网络连接配置

nmcli con show  “System eth0”

显示设备状态

nmcli dev status

[root@localhost ~]# nmcli dev status
DEVICE      TYPE         STATE          CONNECTION
virbr0          bridge       connected  virbr0     
ens33       ethernet    connected  ens33      
lo          loopback    unmanaged   --         不可用
virbr0-nic      tun          unmanaged   --   

显示网络接口属性

nmcli dev show eno16777736

创建新连接default IP 自动通过dhcp 获取

nmcli con add con-name default type Ethernet ifname eth0

删除连接

nmcli con del default

创建新连接static,指定静态IP,不自动连接

nmcti con add con-name static ifname eth0 autoconnect no type Ethernet ip4 172.25.X.10/24 gw4 172.25.X.254

启用static 连接配置

nmcli con up static

启用default 连接配置

nmcli con up default

查看帮助

nmcli con add help

修改连接设置

nmcli con modstaticconnection.autoconnect no

nmcli con mod staticipv4.dns 172.25.X.254

nmcli con mod static+ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8

nmcli con mod static-ipv4.dns 8.8.8.8

nmcli con mod staticipv4.addresses 172.25.X.10/24  172.25.X.254

nmcli con mod static+ipv4.addresses 10.10.10.10/16

DNS 设置,存放在/etc/resolv.conf 文件中

PEERDNS=no  表示当IP通过dhcp 自动获取时,dns仍是手动设置,不自动获取。等价于下面命令:

nmcli con mod system eth0ipv4.ignore-auto-dns yes

 

网络配置文件

设备配置被保存在文本文件中

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<name>

帮助文档列出完整选项列表:/usr/share/doc/initcripts-*/sysconfig.txt

动态配置

静态配置

DEVICE=eth X

HWADDR=0:02:8A:A6:30:45

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

ONBOOT=yes

Type=Ethernet

DEVICE=eth X

HWADDR=0:02:8A:A6:30:45

IPADDR=192.168.0.123

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

GATEWAY=192.168.0.254

ONBOOT=yes

Type=Ethernet

 

修改连接配置后 ,需要重新加载配置

nmcli con reload

nmcli con down system eth0”可被自动激活

nmcli con up system eth0

nmcli dev dis eth0  禁用网卡,访止被自动激活

图形工具

nm-connection-editor

字符工具

nmtui

nmtui-connect

nmtui-edit

nmtui-hostname

 

nmcli 实现bonding

添加bonding 接口:

nmcli con add type bond con-name mybond0 ifname

mybond0 mode active-backup

添加从属接口:

nmcli con add type bond-slave ifname ens7 master mybond0

nmcli con add type bond-slave ifname ens3 master mybond0

注:如无为从属接口提供连接名,则该名称是接口名称加类型构成

要启动绑定,则必须首先启动从属接口:

nmcli con up bond-slave-ens7

nmcli con up bond-slave-ens3

现在可使用以下方法启动绑定:

nmcli con up mybond0

 

网络组Network Teaming

        网络组:是将多个网卡聚合在一起方法,从而实现冗错和提高吞吐量

        网络组不同于旧版中bonding 技术,提供更好的性能和扩展性

        网络组由内核驱动和teamd 守护进程实现.

多种方式runner

broadcast

roundrobin

activebackup

loadbalance

lacp (implements the 802.3ad Link Aggregation Control Protocol)

网络组

 启动网络组接口不会自动启动网络组中的port 接口

        启动网络组接口中的port 接口总会自动启动网络组接口

        禁用网络组接口会自动禁用网络组中的port 接口

        没有port 接口的网络组接口可以启动静态IP 连接

        启用DHCP 连接时,没有port 接口的网络组会等待port接口的加入

 

创建网络组接口

nmcli con add type team con-name  CNAME ifname INAME [config JSON ]

CNAME 连接名 , INAME 接口名

JSON 指定runner 方式

格式:‘{“runner”: {“name”: ” METHOD “}}’

METHOD 可以是broadcast, roundrobin,activebackup, loadbalance, lacp

 

创建port 接口

nmcli con add type team-slave con-name  CNAME ifname INAME master  TEAM

CNAME 连接名

INAME 网络接口名

TEAM 网络组接口名

连接名若不指定,默认为team-slave- IFACE

nmcli dev dis  INAME

nmcli con up  CNAME

INAME 设备名 CNAME 网络组接口名或port

 

网络组示例

nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config {“runner”: {“name”: “loadbalance”}}’

nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.addresses192.168.1.100/24

nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.method manual

 nmcli con add con-name team0-eth1 type team-slave ifname eth1 master team0

nmcli con add con-name team0-eth2 type team-slave ifname eth2 master team0

nmcli con up team0

nmcli con up team0-eth1

nmcli con up team0-eth2

teamdctl team0 state; # nmcli dev dis eth1

 

实验: 创建网络组

ip link

nmcli con add type team con-name team0 ifname team0 config ‘{“runner”: {“name”: “activebackup”}}’

nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.addresses’192.168.0.100/24′

nmcli con mod team0 ipv4.method manual

nmcli con add con-name team0-port1 type team-slave ifname eth1 master team0

nmcli con add con-name team0-port2 type team-slave ifname eth2 master team0

teamdctl team0 state

ping -I team0 192.168.0.254

nmcli dev dis eno1

teamdctl team0 state

nmcli con up team0-port1

nmcli dev dis eno2

teamdctl team0 state

nmcli con up team0-port2

teamdctl team0 state

 

管理网络组配置文件

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0

DEVICE=team0

DEVICETYPE=Team

TEAM_CONFIG=”{\”runner\”: {\”name\”: \”broadcast\”}}”

BOOTPROTO=none

IPADDR0=172.25.5.100

PREFIX0=24

NAME=team0

ONBOOT=yes

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-team0-eth1

DEVICE=eth1

DEVICETYPE=TeamPort

TEAM_MASTER=team0

NAME=team0-eth1

ONBOOT=yes

 

删除网络组

nmcli connection down team0

teamdctl team0 state

       nmcli connection show

       nmcli connectioni delete team0-eth0

       nmcli connectioni delete team0-eth1

       nmcli connection show

 

测试网络工具

在命令行下测试网络的连通性

显示主机名

hostname

测试网络连通性

ping

mtr

[root@localhost ~]# ping 172.16.253.193
PING 172.16.253.193 (172.16.253.193) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.253.193: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.097 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.253.193: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.253.193: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.253.193: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.052 ms

显示正确的路由表

ip route

确定名称服务器使用:

nslookup

host

dig

跟踪路由

traceroute

tracepath

 

网络客户端工具

ftp lftp

子命令:getmgetlshelp

lftp [-p port] [-u user[,password]] SERVER

lftpget URL

wget [option]… [URL]…

-q:静默模式

-c:断点续传

-O:保存位置

–limit-rates=:指定传输速率

links URL

–dump

–source

原创文章,作者:Linux.rookie,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/74962

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