第四周
1.复制/etc/skel目录为/home/tuser1,要求/home/tuser1及其内部文件的属组和其他用户均没有任何访问权限。
[root@node1 ~]# cp -r /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1 [root@node1 ~]# chmod -R go= /home/tuser1 [root@node1 ~]# ls -la /home/tuser1 total 16 drwx------. 2 root root 59 Jul 26 07:24 . drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Jul 26 07:24 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 18 Jul 26 07:24 .bash_logout -rw-------. 1 root root 193 Jul 26 07:24 .bash_profile -rw-------. 1 root root 231 Jul 26 07:24 .bashrc
2.编辑/etc/group文件,添加组hadoop。
[root@node1 ~]# nano /etc/group 手动添加hadoop:x:5006: [root@node1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/group hadoop:x:5006:
3.手动编辑/etc/passwd文件新增一行,添加用户hadoop,其基本组ID为hadoop组的ID号;其家目录为/home/hadoop。
[root@node1 ~]# nano /etc/passwd [root@node1 ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd hadoop:x:5006:5006::/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
4.复制/etc/skel目录为/home/hadoop,要求修改hadoop目录的属组和其他用户没有任何访问权限。
[root@node1 ~]# cp -r /etc/skel /home/hadoop [root@node1 ~]# chmod go= /home/hadoop [root@node1 ~]# ls -ld /home/hadoop/ drwx------. 2 root root 59 Jul 26 07:22 /home/hadoop/
5.修改/home/hadoop目录及其内部所有文件的属主为hadoop,属组为hadoop。
[root@node1 ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop [root@node1 ~]# ls -la /home/hadoop total 16 drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 59 Jul 26 07:22 . drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 4096 Jul 26 07:24 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 18 Jul 26 07:22 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 193 Jul 26 07:22 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 231 Jul 26 07:22 .bashrc
6.显示/proc/meminfo文件中以大写S或小写s开头的行;用两种方式。
第一种方法:
[root@node1 ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep "^[sS].*" SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 6804 kB Slab: 60744 kB SReclaimable: 26144 kB SUnreclaim: 34600 kB
第二种方法:
[root@node1 ~]# cat /proc/meminfo | grep -v "^[^sS].*" SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 6804 kB Slab: 60744 kB SReclaimable: 26144 kB SUnreclaim: 34600 kB
7.显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为非/sbin/nologin的用户。
[root@node1 ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin" /etc/passwd | cut -d : -f 1 root sync shutdown halt centos redhat fedora mint mageia slackware hadoop
8.显示/etc/passwd文件中其默认shell为/bin/bash的用户。
第一种方法:
[root@node1 ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | grep -o "^[^:]\+" root centos redhat fedora mint mageia hadoop
第二种方法:
[root@node1 ~]# grep "/bin/bash" /etc/passwd | cut -d : -f 1 root centos redhat fedora mint mageia hadoop
9.找出/etc/passwd中的一位数或二位数。
[root@node1 ~]# grep "\<[0-9]\{1,2\}\>" /etc/passwd root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
10.显示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一个空白字符开头的行。
[root@node1 ~]# grep --color=auto "^[[:space:]]\+.*$" /boot/grub/grub.conf root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=c5e05cf4-7e32-402e-aefa-1353baf6df38 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet initrd /initramfs-2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64.img
11.显示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#开头,后面跟至少一个空白字符,而后又至少一个非空白字符的行。
[root@magedu ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:]]\+.*$" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # Check SELinux status # Print a text banner. # Only read this once. # Initialize hardware # Set default affinity # Load other user-defined modules # Load modules (for backward compatibility with VARs) # Configure kernel parameters # Set the hostname. # Sync waiting for storage. # Device mapper & related initialization # Start any MD RAID arrays that haven't been started yet # Remount the root filesystem read-write. # Clean up SELinux labels # If relabeling, relabel mount points. # Mount all other filesystems (except for NFS and /proc, which is already # mounted). Contrary to standard usage, # filesystems are NOT unmounted in single user mode. # The 'no' applies to all listed filesystem types. See mount(8). # Update quotas if necessary # Check to see if a full relabel is needed # Initialize pseudo-random number generator # Configure machine if necessary. # Clean out /. # Do we need (w|u)tmpx files? We don't set them up, but the sysadmin might... # Clean up /var. # Clean up utmp/wtmp # Clean up various /tmp bits # Make ICE directory # Start up swapping. # Set up binfmt_misc # Boot time profiles. Yes, this should be somewhere else. # Now that we have all of our basic modules loaded and the kernel going, # let's dump the syslog ring somewhere so we can find it later # create the crash indicator flag to warn on crashes, offer fsck with timeout # Let rhgb know that we're leaving rc.sysinit
12.打印出netstat -tan命令执行结果中以‘LISTEN’,后或跟空白字符结尾的行。
[root@magedu ~]# netstat -tan | grep -o "\<LISTEN[[:space:]]\+.*$" LISTEN LISTEN LISTEN LISTEN
13.添加用户bash,testbash,basher,nologin(此用户的shell为/sbin/nologin),而后找出当前系统上其用户名和默认shell相同的用户的信息。
用grep:
[root@node1 ~]# grep "^\([a-z]\+\)\>.*\1$" /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:5007:5007::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:5010:5010::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
用egrep:
[root@node1 ~]# egrep "^([a-z]+)\>.*\1$" /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:5007:5007::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:5010:5010::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
原创文章,作者:ZhengBin,如若转载,请注明出处:http://www.178linux.com/82774
评论列表(1条)
文本管理工具是非常重要的一项技能,从作业情况来看,掌握的还不错,继续努力。